How can publication bias be avoided?

Bias can be minimized by (1) insisting on high-quality research and thorough literature reviews, (2) eliminating the double standard concerning peer review and informed consent applied to clinical research and practice, (3) publishing legitimate trials regardless of their results, (4) requiring peer reviewers to ...

How do you counter publication bias?

Publication bias may be reduced by journals by publishing high-quality studies regardless of novelty or unexciting results, and by publishing protocols or full-study data sets.

What is an example of publication bias?

For example, a researcher may cite their own published work more often than expected because researchers tend to refer to their own work more frequently. Moreover, they often overestimate the number of times their work has been cited.

What is the main cause of publication bias?

Of the several reasons of this bias the important ones are rejection (by editors, reviewers), lack of interest to revise, competing interests, lack of motivation to write in spite of conducting the study.

What are the methods for publication bias?

Of the methods available to researchers for the detection of publication bias, one of the simplest is the funnel plot. This is a scatterplot of the estimate of effect from each study in the meta-analysis against a measure of its precision, usually 1/SE (Figure 1A).

Understanding Publication Bias in Research

Which research method is vulnerable to publication bias?

They found that observational, laboratory-based experimental studies and non-randomised trials had a greater risk of publication bias than randomised clinical trials.

What is the problem with publication bias?

In preclinical and experimental research, this bias may seriously distort the literature, drain scarce resources by undertaking research in futile quests, and lead to misguided research and teaching practices.

How do you deal with publication bias in meta-analysis?

Is publication bias intentional?

Bias may be introduced intentionally or unintentionally, consciously or unconsciously, into the process of research dissemination. 3,18 The dissemination profile of research may be influenced by investigators, study sponsors, peer reviewers, and journal editors.

How is publication bias an ethical issue?

Apparently, publication bias poses serious threats to the integrity of scientific research. It prevents us from consuming objective, true, and unbiased research, and introduces much error in what we read and believe. Thus, publication bias and relevant topics should be addressed in research ethics modules and courses.

What is a publication bias quizlet?

publication bias. the tendency for published studies to systematically over-represent statistically significant findings, reflecting the tendency of researchers, reviewers, and editors to not publish negative results; also called a bias against the null hypothesis.

Is reporting bias the same as publication bias?

Reporting bias (publication bias or outcome reporting bias) occurs when the decision to report depends on the direction or magnitude of the findings. In clinical research, registration of trials prior to data collection is used to prevent selective reporting ( Chan et al., 2017; Gopal et al., 2018).

How do you avoid bias in a research paper?

Under which circumstance does publication bias arise?

Publication bias may exist when the publication status depends on the statistical significance of study results (Sutton, 2009). Multiple techniques were applied to the data to check for a potential publication bias problem.

Does publication bias cause heterogeneity?

Our results show that the effect of publication bias on the Q test and assessment of heterogeneity is large, complex, and nonlinear. Publication bias can both dramatically decrease and increase heterogeneity in true effect size, particularly if the number of studies is large and population effect size is small.

Why bias should be avoided in research?

Bias can damage research, if the researcher chooses to allow his bias to distort the measurements and observations or their interpretation. When faculty are biased about individual students in their courses, they may grade some students more or less favorably than others, which is not fair to any of the students.

Is it possible to eliminate bias in research?

Chance and confounding can be quantified and/or eliminated through proper study design and data analysis. However, only the most rigorously conducted trials can completely exclude bias as an alternate explanation for an association.

What are two ways to avoid bias when collecting data?

What is an example of publication bias in medicine?

A meta-analysis of published and unpublished data on reboxetine for the acute treatment of major depression found it, overall, to be an ineffective and potentially harmful antidepressant. The published evidence overestimated the benefits of reboxetine while underestimating the harms.

How to avoid the violation of ethics in research and publication?

Carefulness. Avoid careless errors and negligence; carefully and critically examine your own work and the work of your peers. Keep good records of research activities, such as data collection, research design, and correspondence with agencies or journals.

How do you handle publication misconduct?

1 Reject the manuscript or withdraw the published paper. 2 Not accept manuscripts submitted to all New Delhi Publisher's journals by the same research team within two years. 3. Inform the institution the corresponding author is affiliated with and the funder(s) about such misconduct.

What are the violation of publication ethics?

Publication ethics are violated by all those activities which threaten the integrity of the research publication process. These include authors dispute, fake affiliations, conflicts of interest, dual submissions, duplicate pub- lication, plagiarism, salami slicing, fabrication and fal- sification1.

What does violation of publication ethics mean?

Violation of publication ethics is a global problem which includes duplicate submission, multiple submissions, plagiarism, gift authorship, fake affiliation, ghost authorship, pressured authorship, salami publication and fraud (fabrication and falsification)[2,3] but excludes the honest errors committed by the authors.

What is an example of bias in a research paper?

Example: Bias in research Suppose that you are researching whether a particular weight loss program is successful for people with diabetes. If you focus purely on whether participants complete the program, you may bias your research.

How can bias be avoided in qualitative research?