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How can we make peer review more fair and ethical?

Ethics in Peer Review
  1. Provide a prompt, thorough, and impartial review of the article.
  2. Give constructive feedback with reasonable suggestions and professional tone.
  3. Avoid suggesting the addition of irrelevant or unnecessary references.
  4. Alert the editor to any suspected ethical issues.
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How can we improve the peer review process?

We should consider distributing reviewer's invitations across the globe, involving more early-career researchers in the peer review, and give more credits to the reviewers. Also, the responsibility lies with their mentors and professors to provide guidelines on how to write and review a research paper.
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What are the ethical considerations of peer review?

The Public Library of Science (PLOS) publisher [2] clearly recommends the basic ethical guidelines for peer reviewers: 1) Choose assignments wisely; 2) Provide an objective, honest, and unbiased review; 3) Honor confidentiality of the review process; and 4) Be respectful and professional.
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How do you ensure research is ethical?

NIH Clinical Center researchers published seven main principles to guide the conduct of ethical research:
  1. Social and clinical value.
  2. Scientific validity.
  3. Fair subject selection.
  4. Favorable risk-benefit ratio.
  5. Independent review.
  6. Informed consent.
  7. Respect for potential and enrolled subjects.
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What makes an effective peer review?

Peer review should be comprehensive, succinct, and accurate, and comment on the importance, novelty, and impact of the study. It is helpful to give constructive feedback to their colleagues since respectful comments are the key to a good peer review.
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Peer Review Ethics

What are the 5 key elements of peer review?

Faith, or F.A.I.T.H. in peer review depends on five core attributes: fairness in reviewing; appropriate expertise, iden- tifiable reviewers, timely reviews; and helpful critiques.
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What makes a bad peer review?

The bad peer-review

It is a peer-review that (1) fails to identify major flaws, to communicate criticism to authors to improve their manuscript and to inform fraud to the editor, and (2) does not review all manuscript sections including references and illustrations.
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What are the 5 ethical considerations in research?

Ethical considerations in research are a set of principles that guide your research designs and practices. These principles include voluntary participation, informed consent, anonymity, confidentiality, potential for harm, and results communication.
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Why is ethical review important in research?

Ethical review provides protection for participants, and also helps to protect the researcher. By obtaining ethical approval the researcher is demonstrating that they have adhered to the accepted ethical standards of a genuine research study.
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What are the six ethical issues in research?

ETHICAL ISSUES IN RESEARCH
  • Study design and ethics approval. According to COPE, “good research should be well adjusted, well-planned, appropriately designed, and ethically approved. ...
  • Data analysis. ...
  • Authorship. ...
  • Conflicts of interest. ...
  • Redundant publication and plagiarism.
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How do you avoid bias in a peer review?

While increasing transparency is one way to reduce bias, another approach is double-blind peer review. A study suggests that early career researchers tend to prefer double-blind peer review as it can reduce bias against authors with less experience, female authors, or authors from minority groups.
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What is an ethical dilemma in peer reviewed articles?

An ethical dilemma is a situation of making a choice between two or more alternatives. An agent is in unpleasant and difficult situation because he/she often needs to make a choice between ethical and unethical alternatives, and when it comes to the ethical alternatives, he/she should choose the best one.
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What are ethics in peer support?

Peer Support Specialists will never intimidate, threaten, harass, use undue influence, physical force or verbal abuse, or make unwarranted promises of benefits to the service recipients they support.
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What are the 7 peer review tips?

Peer review: how to get it right – 10 tips
  • 1) Be professional. It's called peer review for a reason. ...
  • 2) Be pleasant. If the paper is truly awful, suggest a reject but don't engage in ad hominum remarks. ...
  • 3) Read the invite. ...
  • Be helpful. ...
  • 5) Be scientific. ...
  • 6) Be timely. ...
  • 7) Be realistic. ...
  • 8) Be empathetic.
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What is an example of an effective peer review?

"I appreciate the way you collaborate with your team and cross-functionally to find solutions to problems." "You're an effective team member, as demonstrated by your willingness to help out and contribute as required." "Sarah is a true team player who always helps out her colleagues.
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What are the 4 steps to peer reviewing?

Peer review follows a number of steps, beginning with submitting your article to a journal.
  • Step 1: Editor assessment. ...
  • Step 2: First round of peer review. ...
  • Step 3: Revise and resubmit. ...
  • Step 4: Accepted.
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What are ethical issues in research?

Mistreatment of research subjects is considered research misconduct (no ethical review approval, failure to follow approved protocol, absent or inadequate informed consent, exposure of subjects to physical or psychological harm, exposure of subjects to harm due to unacceptable research practices or failure to maintain ...
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What are ethical standards in research?

In addition, it educates and monitors scientists conducting research to ensure a high ethical standard. The following is a general summary of some ethical principles: Honesty: Honestly report data, results, methods and procedures, and publication status. Do not fabricate, falsify, or misrepresent data.
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What is the most important ethics in research?

In practice, these ethical principles mean that as a researcher, you need to: (a) obtain informed consent from potential research participants; (b) minimise the risk of harm to participants; (c) protect their anonymity and confidentiality; (d) avoid using deceptive practices; and (e) give participants the right to ...
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What is an example of ethics in research?

For example, many ethical norms in research, such as guidelines for authorship, copyright and patenting policies, data sharing policies, and confidentiality rules in peer review, are designed to protect intellectual property interests while encouraging collaboration.
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How to write ethical considerations in qualitative research?

The top five qualitative research ethics to consider include:
  1. Obtaining informed consent.
  2. Protecting confidentiality and privacy.
  3. Showing respect for participants.
  4. Conducting appropriate data collection and analysis.
  5. Using findings responsibly.
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What are the ethical issues in qualitative research?

Two ethical issues in qualitative research include confidentiality, and the role of the researcher as a data collection instrument. When we use qualitative data collection techniques, we usually spend a lot of time with research populations. We engage people at the community level.
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Why is peer review biased?

TYPES OF BIAS IN THE PEER REVIEW PROCESS

It can occur when a reviewer is competing with the author for a certain position or honor. If a reviewer knows something about the author's work, they might extrapolate from previous impressions to the work being considered now.
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What are the criticisms of peer review?

A major criticism of peer review is that there is little evidence that the process actually works, that it is actually an effective screen for good quality scientific work, and that it actually improves the quality of scientific literature.
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What are the 3 kinds of peer review?

The three most common types of peer review are single-anonymized, double-anonymized, and open peer review.
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