How can you encourage children to use their L1 to help their learning in your classroom?

Keep speaking activities short; having extra time invites talking in L1. Move around a lot when you are monitoring speaking activities because the students farthest away from you are the most likely to use their first language. Finally, a great tool to use in the classroom is a L1 problem session.

How can L1 be used to support learning?

L1 works well if you want to specifically praise students on their progress (especially if they are beginner-level). It doesn't require a lot of time, so you can still have your students talking and encouraging them by telling them how well they performed in a specific task.

How teachers can use L1 in the classroom?

L1 may be used from introductory to upper-intermediate levels on a decreasing scale. At lower levels, translating individual words, explaining grammar use, and facilitating complex instructions can save time and anguish, especially for mature students.

How do you encourage students to avoid using L1?

Asking learners, be it politely or sternly, to refrain from speaking L1 will be temporarily effective at best of times. However, giving them something to play for, recognising and awarding their good use of English, will see a reduction in the unnecessary use of L1.

When and why might you use a student's first language L1 in the classroom?

At lower levels, however, it may be essential for students to use translation as their 'training wheels'. L1 can help them get used to speaking English and mastering pronunciation, to build confidence and teach them essential phrases. Then they can go on to learn more advanced language.

Introducing sentences to young learners

How do children learn their L1?

There are several stages in the development of L1 that virtually all children will go through as they learn to use the language. These stages include: Cooing (2-4 months of age), which involves the simple act of making sounds and noises. Toward the end of this stage, children will develop the ability to laugh.

What is the importance of using the L1?

The role of the L1 for vocabulary translation and comprehension is also an important factor. The use of L1 for vocabulary translation and comprehension is considered to be efficient for introducing new words (Turnbull, 2001) and focusing attention on vocabulary (Swain & Lapkin, 2000).

What are the disadvantages of using L1 in the classroom?

Disadvantages to Using L1 in the Classroom

Students may revert to speaking their first language even though they are capable of expressing their ideas in English. While students may be able to give the correct answers on tests, they may not develop the right pathways in the brain connecting language and ideas.

What is an example of L1 interference?

This is called L1 interference, or negative transfer. This becomes visible when, for instance, learners try out new words by simply pronouncing the original word in L1 using the pronunciation of L2. For example, Dutch children will say they are “keeking” tv, when they mean to say they are watching tv.

What is a method of teaching where L1 is never used?

The method described in the exercise is called the direct method or the natural method, because the main objective is for the learner to learn in the most natural way possible, through pictures, association of ideas, demonstration.

What is an L1 for lesson plan?

L1 is a speaker's first language. L2 is the second, L3 the third etc. L1 is also sometimes referred to as "mother tongue". A learner whose L1 is Spanish may find Portuguese and Italian easy languages to learn because of a fairly close connection between the languages.

What does L1 mean in school?

These terms are frequently used in language teaching as a way to distinguish between a person's first and second language. L1 is used to refer to the student's first language, while L2 is used in the same way to refer to their second language or the language they are currently learning.

What is an L1 student?

Your students' first language is a valuable teaching tool.

On my initial TEFL training course in 2003, we weren't allowed to use L1 (the students' first language) in the classroom. If you did, the tutors would lower your mark for that lesson, and stern feedback would be given.

How does L1 work?

The L1 Visa is a US temporary work visa that allows you to transfer from a company in your foreign country into its US branch, subsidiary, affiliate, or parent company. You will have to take an executive or managerial position which requires specialized knowledge to get the L1 visa.

How can the teaching of L1 lead to effective teaching of L2?

Cook (2001) outlines four benefits associated with integrating L1 use into FL contexts where only L2 would never provide : a) efficiency in which words and/or expressions hard to comprehend can be explicated more effectively, b) learning in which clarifications provided by L1 ease comprehension, c) naturalness in which ...

What is first language support in the classroom?

Primary language support (PLS) is the use of students' first languages to build on the development of their target language. For example, if a child first learned Italian at home and then begins school in America, the primary language of Italian would be used as a leverage to build the English language.

How do you reduce L1 interference?

What is the interference of L1 when learning L2?

Interference is the errors that can be traced back to the first language, while the learners use the second language (Lott, as cited in Bhela, 1999, p. 22). A learner has difficulties in second language such as phonology, vocabulary and grammar due to the interference of habits from L1 and L2 (Beardsmore, 1982).

What are the three levels of interference?

Studies have shown that interference occurs in three different dimensions: phonological, lexical, and grammatical. Among the three, phonological interference is the major problem confronting our schools in Nigeria.

Why is the difference between L1 learning and L2 learning essential?

By definition, the first key difference between L1 and L2 learning is variability in what researchers refer to as age of acquisition (AoA). That's simply how old someone is when they start learning a language. AoA has been shown to have a clear and significant impact on language learning outcomes.

What are the principal reasons for using L1 in the L2 classroom?

The results show that L1 was used most often to explain word meanings, followed by explanations of grammatical rules. Instances of L1 use were also recorded during L2 to L1 translation exercises, and L1 was used for classroom management purposes and for telling jokes.

How does L1 affect learning the L2 and why?

The effect of L1 on the L2 is usually called “transfer” and tracked through syntactic errors, structural changes, wrong choice of words, etc. Consequently, attempts to identify the L2 →L1 effect in a monolingual approach will also look for similar transfer phenomena (e.g. Cook 2003).

How to use L1 in L2 classroom?

Preferably, all instructors should have some knowledge of the L1. While L2 use should be maximized, occa- sional strategic use of the L1 would be beneficial. Students need exposure to the L2 first, but the L1 can assist when L2 examples and explanations cannot alleviate confusion.

What are the errors in first language acquisition?

Basically, the three main groups of mistakes in early language acquisition comprise overgeneralization, overextension and underextension. Most words children usually learn first are used properly. Anyhow, researches show that about one-third of the first fifty words which children acquire are sometimes used improperly.

How does L1 influence the learning of a second language?

This foreshadows that L1 is a basis for L2 acquisition. The first action that our minds take when starting in learning a second language is to recall our former knowledge and experience , then to compare and comprehend the new knowledge related to the old one. L1 is used as a tool to SLA (second language acquisition).