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How does repeating a grade affect a child?

Research suggests that repeating a grade, at any grade level, is associated with later high school dropout and other long-term effects. It also can affect a child's social and emotional development. In one study, sixth-grade students rated having to repeat a grade as "the most stressful life event."
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Is it bad for a child to repeat a grade?

High-profile meta-analyses based on these studies concluded that grade retention was associated with poorer academic outcomes (including higher dropout rates) and greater risk of behavioral issues.
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What are the benefits of a student repeating a grade?

Asking a low-performing student to repeat a grade is a big step and one often challenged by students and families. But requiring younger students to take the extra time to master material may boost their reading and math performance as much as five years later.
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Does repeating a grade look bad to colleges?

For the most part, colleges don't mind if you repeat a grade or have to take a year off in high school, but the answer could depend on the colleges you're interested in. For more competitive colleges, the admissions team is going to be stricter about who they let attend their school and may have different standards.
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What are the negative effects of retaining students?

Retention also has a direct cost to the students themselves: Many are delayed a year from entering the workforce because they have to spend another year in school. That can reduce their short- and long-run earnings. Plus, requiring students to take an extra year to graduate may cause more of them to drop out.
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Is Holding Back Your Child Fair?

Why repeating a grade is bad?

Repeating a grade―also known as "grade retention" ―has not been shown to help children learn. Children won't outgrow learning and attention issues by repeating a grade. In fact, repeating a grade may contribute to long-term issues with low self-esteem, as well as emotional or social difficulties.
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What are the long term effects of grade retention?

Critics contend that retention detaches students from their peers and subjects them to social stigmatization and stress, which might negatively affect self-confidence, motivation, and interpersonal relationships (Anderson et al., 2005; Goos et al., 2021).
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What are the pros and cons of repeating a grade?

Take a look at these pros and cons. Kids who've missed a lot of school due to illness, emotional trauma or a move may benefit from repeating a grade. A child who's just been absent often is already at higher risk for dropping out of school. Repeating a grade increases the risk.
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Is it a choice to repeat a grade?

Generally, parents can ask for children to be held back, but the final decision is up to principals, who make decisions based on factors including academic progress. California and New Jersey also passed laws that made it easier for parents to demand their children repeat a grade, although the option was only available ...
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What happens if you repeat a grade?

If ultimately retained, the student will then repeat the entire school year's curriculum. Where it is permitted, grade retention is most common among at-risk students in early elementary school.
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How many times can a child repeat a grade?

Is there a law or policy regarding the number of times a student can be retained? There is nothing in the EC that prohibits school districts from retaining a child in more than one grade.
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What grade is best to repeat?

The simple answer is… as early as possible. Repeating kindergarten or preschool is a lot less stressful for a child than repeating a class in primary school. Repeating a grade in elementary/primary is much less stressful than repeating in the higher grades.
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What percentage of students repeat a grade?

Seven percent of U.S. kids between age 6 and 17 had repeated a grade. In 2015–2016, 7% of U.S. kids between the ages of 6 and 17 — 3. 4 million children total — had repeated one or more grades since starting kindergarten. The likelihood that students are held back varies by location.
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Can my parents make me repeat a grade?

Generally, parents can ask for children to be held back, but the final decision is up to principals, who make decisions based on factors including academic progress. California and New Jersey also passed laws that made it easier for parents to demand their children repeat a grade, although the option was only available ...
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Can a school force a child to repeat a grade?

Most often, schools consider holding students back if they haven't developed the academic skills necessary to succeed in the next grade. In fact, some states have passed “third-grade retention laws,” that require third-grade students who can't read at a certain level must be retained and repeat the grade.
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Can I hold my child back a year at school?

It's a mutual decision. But in the other grades, parents have the right to request retention, but if the school or the district don't agree to it, that wouldn't happen. Parents cannot just request retention for their kids on their own.
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What can I do instead of repeating a grade?

Tutoring at home

In some cases, tutoring may be the best alternative to retention. Some students do well with the individualized attention and exposure to different teaching methods. Ask the teacher for specific work your child can do from home to help remediate skills that are weak.
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What does it feel like to repeat a grade?

It hurts our self-image, self-esteem, and pride. Frankly, for some of us, it would be easier, if possible, to start over at a different school where no one has to know.
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What famous person repeated a grade in school?

Like Jay-Z, Eminem didn't have the easiest childhood, and as a result, he really struggled when he was in school. He did not take his work seriously, and he barely showed up for school. His grades were so bad that he wound up having to repeat the ninth grade.
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Is it embarrassing to repeat a class?

It is not embarrassing to retake a class with the same professor because your professor has probably forgotten that you were even in their class before. Professors won't judge you if you take their class twice.
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Should I let my child repeat kindergarten?

Children enter kindergarten at vastly different stages of readiness. Often teachers recommend another year in kindergarten for those students who are struggling to master kindergarten skills. In elementary schools across the country, grade retention is often viewed as an effective alternative to social promotion.
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What are the disadvantages of holding a child back from kindergarten?

A large body of research has indicated that holding a child back in school is associated with poorer academic outcomes and little social-emotional benefit. While some studies have found short-term social and academic benefits of grade retention, many of these effects fade after a few years.
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Is it good to hold kids back grade retention?

Recent research shows that, for the most part, holding kids back a grade isn't the best practice. The National Association of School Psychologists (NASP) reports that some kids do better in school the first year or two after being held back.
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Why aren t kids held back?

Now at least half of states do. Most of the educators I know don't like grade retention — the term of art for holding a student back. They prefer to help students improve without squashing their dreams and keeping them in place while their friends move forward.
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What are the social effects of grade retention?

Effect of retention on social acceptance

The results have been inconsistent. For example, when kindergarten teachers were asked to rate classroom behavior and peer acceptance, they rated retained students as being less well liked by classmates than low-achieving promoted students (Pianta et al., 1997).
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