What are the ethical issues with publication bias?

Apparently, publication bias poses serious threats to the integrity of scientific research. It prevents us from consuming objective, true, and unbiased research, and introduces much error in what we read and believe. Thus, publication bias and relevant topics should be addressed in research ethics modules and courses.

What are the problems with publication bias?

In preclinical and experimental research, this bias may seriously distort the literature, drain scarce resources by undertaking research in futile quests, and lead to misguided research and teaching practices.

What are the issues of ethics in publication?

Various types of research misconduct include fabrication or falsification of data, plagiarism, problematic data presentation or analysis, failure to obtain ethical approval by the Research Ethics Committee or to obtain the subject's informed consent, inappropriate claims of authorship, duplicate publication, and ...

What are some examples of publication bias?

What are the 5 main ethical issues in research?

Understanding Publication Bias in Research

What are the ethics of research and publication?

Strive for honesty in all scientific communications. Honestly report data, results, methods and procedures, and publication status. Do not fabricate, falsify, or misrepresent data. Do not deceive colleagues, research sponsors, or the public.

What are the 4 major ethical issues in conducting research?

These issues regard informed consent, beneficence-do not harm, respect for anonymity and confidentiality and respect for privacy.

What is publication bias in research?

Publication bias is defined as the failure to publish the results of a study on the basis of the direction or strength of the study findings.

What type of bias is publication bias?

Publication bias is a type of reporting bias and closely related to dissemination bias, although dissemination bias generally applies to all forms of results dissemination, not simply journal publications.

What is an example of publication bias in research?

Publication bias occurs when one type of study result is more likely to be published than another. For example, publishing results of studies that show a new treatment provides significant benefits, but not always publishing studies that show less or no benefit, will lead to publication bias.

What are the 5 publishing ethics?

What are the ethical issues in research paper?

Mistreatment of research subjects is considered research misconduct (no ethical review approval, failure to follow approved protocol, absent or inadequate informed consent, exposure of subjects to physical or psychological harm, exposure of subjects to harm due to unacceptable research practices or failure to maintain ...

Why is ethics important in publication?

Accurate and ethical reporting is crucial to the quality of scientific research that is published. Unethical practices such as falsification of data and plagiarism cause long-term damage to the dependability of published literature.

How do you identify publication bias?

Several rank-based tests have been created to examine the correlation between effect-size estimates plotted in the funnel plot and their corresponding standard error or sampling variance. If the rank tests result in a strong correlation, then the presence of publication bias is implied.

How do you account for publication bias?

One way to detect publication bias in your meta-analysis is to use funnel plots and statistical tests. A funnel plot is a scatter plot of the effect sizes of the studies versus their standard errors or sample sizes.

Is publication bias intentional?

Bias may be introduced intentionally or unintentionally, consciously or unconsciously, into the process of research dissemination. 3,18 The dissemination profile of research may be influenced by investigators, study sponsors, peer reviewers, and journal editors.

Is reporting bias the same as publication bias?

Reporting bias (publication bias or outcome reporting bias) occurs when the decision to report depends on the direction or magnitude of the findings. In clinical research, registration of trials prior to data collection is used to prevent selective reporting ( Chan et al., 2017; Gopal et al., 2018).

What ethical issue is associated with reviewer bias in research publication?

Reviewers must disclose to editors any conflicts of interest that could bias their opinions of the manuscript, and they should disqualify themselves from reviewing specific manuscripts if they believe it to be appropriate.

Is citation bias the same as publication bias?

By selectively citing certain publications, additional to publication and outcome reporting bias, knowledge development can be subtly driven into a certain direction [4]. In case the citation or noncitation of publications is based on the nature and direction of the results, it is called citation bias [5].

What is the biggest ethical problem in conducting research?

Assigning and ensuring responsibility for collecting and maintaining data is one of the most important ethical considerations when conducting a research project. Falsification: Manipulating research materials, images, data, equipment, or processes.

What are the 7 ethical considerations in research?

Ethical considerations in research are a set of principles that guide your research designs and practices. These principles include voluntary participation, informed consent, anonymity, confidentiality, potential for harm, and results communication.

What is the most common ethical issue in field research?

The primary ethical issue is usually consent - permission to interview, etc. This can be dealt with in writing. The second big ethical issue concerns relationship between interviewer and participant.

What is an example of publication ethics?

Examples of publication ethics issues that may arise are: conflicts of interest; contested authorship; data fabrication or reproducibility concerns; editorial misconduct; peer review manipulation; or plagiarism.

What is violation of publication ethics in research?

Violation of publication ethics is a global problem which includes duplicate submission, multiple submissions, plagiarism, gift authorship, fake affiliation, ghost authorship, pressured authorship, salami publication and fraud (fabrication and falsification)[2,3] but excludes the honest errors committed by the authors.

What is conflict of interest in publication ethics?

A conflict of interest exists if a person or institution has a relationship, personal or otherwise, which has the potential to compromise or in any way interfere with professional objectivity or judgment in issues related to the relationship.