What is curriculum according to Caswell and Campbell?

Caswell and Campbell viewed curricula as "all experiences children have under the guidance of teachers." This definition is shared by Smith, Stanley, and Shores when they defined curriculum as "a sequence of potential experiences set up in schools for the purpose of disciplining children and youth in group ways of ...

What is curriculum according to Hollis Caswell?

Hollis Caswell(1901-1989) Sees curriculum as organized around social functions of themes, organized knowledge and learner's interest. Caswell believes that curriculum, instruction and learning are interrelated. Curriculum is a set of experiences.

What is the definition of curriculum?

Curriculum is a standards-based sequence of planned experiences where students practice and achieve proficiency in content and applied learning skills. Curriculum is the central guide for all educators as to what is essential for teaching and learning, so that every student has access to rigorous academic experiences.

What is curriculum according to Marsh and Willis?

Marsh and Willis (1995 as cited in Understanding Teaching For Learning Textbook Topic 3, p. 57) believe curriculum is 'an interrelated set of plans and experiences that a student undertakes under the guidance of the school (p.10).

What is curriculum according to different authors?

Krug (1957): Curriculum consists of all the means of instruction used by the school to provide opportunities for student learning experiences leading to desired learning outcomes. Musgrave (1968): the contrived activity and experience- organized, focused, systematic- that life, unaided, would not provide.

Definition of Curriculum according to Scholars John Kerr, Caswell and Campbell

What is curriculum according to John Dewey?

Perspectives of Education John Dewey (1902) provides a descriptive definition of curriculum as “Curriculum is a continuous reconstruction, moving from the child's present experience out into that represented by the organized bodies of truth that we call studies…the various studies…are themselves experience – they are ...

What is the definition of curriculum according to Webster?

1. : the courses offered by an educational institution. the high school curriculum. 2. : a set of courses constituting an area of specialization.

What is curriculum according to Smith Stanley and Shores?

- Smith, Stanley and Shores defined curriculum as a “ sequence. of potential experiences set up in schools for the purpose of. disciplining children and youth in group ways of thinking and. acting.”

What is curriculum according to Spencer?

Spencer rejected some traditional elements of the curriculum and emphasized the importance of self-development, sympathetic attention from instructors, observation and problem solving, physical exercise and free play, and discipline derived from experiencing the natural consequences of one's actions rather than from ...

What is curriculum according to Lawrence Stenhouse?

In 1975 Lawrence Stenhouse defined curriculum as “an attempt to communicate the essential principles and features of an educational proposal in such a form that it is open to critical scrutiny and capable of effective translation into practice.”[2] This definition was a move towards a broader understanding and approach ...

Which is the most accurate definition of curriculum?

curriculum typically refers to the knowledge and skills students are expected to learn, which includes the learning standards or learning objectives they are expected to meet; the units and lessons that teachers teach; the assignments and projects given to students; the books, materials, videos, presentations, and ...

What was the original meaning of curriculum?

Stemming from the Latin verb “currere,” meaning to run, the noun curriculum verbally translates as “racecourse.” Historically, the word curriculum has been used to describe the subjects taught during the classical period of Greek civilization.

What is the modern concept of curriculum?

Modern Concept of Curriculum

Modern curriculum covers all the wider areas of individual and group life. It. encompasses all the meaning and desirable activities outside the school provided. that these are planned, organized and used educationally.

What is the definition of curriculum according to Schubert?

Schubert (1987) defines curriculum as the contents of a subject, concepts and tasks to be acquired, planned activities, the desired learning outcomes and experiences, product of culture and an agenda to reform society.

What is curriculum according to Saylor?

According to them: curriculum “A plan for providing sets of learning opportunities to achieve broad educational goals and related specific objectives for an identifiable population served by a single school centre”. 7.

What is curriculum according to Rousseau?

Rousseau however, said that books do not give knowledge; they only train one to talk. So he emphasized that curriculum for adolescence should be based on active work than on books. The youth should, however, be taught history mythological stories, religious stories with stress on moral and religious education.

What is curriculum according to Johnson?

Johnson (1967) , on the other hand, defines curriculum as a structured series of learning outcomes that result from instructional delivery.

What is curriculum according to Froebel?

the curriculum should be based on the principle of human development. Froebel. constructed his curriculum for children from 4 years to 8 years on the basis of. these principles, and gave prominent place to nature observation, games and. religious education; and secondary place to language, mathematics and science.

What is the definition of curriculum by Kilpatrick?

Kilpatrick's definition of curriculum highlights the importance of experiential learning and the role of the teacher as a facilitator of learning experiences. The curriculum is viewed as a set of meaningful experiences that are designed to promote students' growth and development.

What is the definition of curriculum according to Robert Hutchins?

Hutchins views curriculum as a permanent studies where rules of grammar, reading, rhetoric and logic and mathematics for basic education are emphasize. It also emphasizes the 3Rs and college education should be grounded on liberal education.

What is curriculum according to Bobbit 1924?

In his 1924 book, Bobbitt defines education as “the process of growing up in the right way”, while “the objectives are the goals of growth. The pupil's activities and experiences are the steps which make up his journey toward those goals. The activities and experiences are the curriculum” (Bobbitt, 1924a, p.

What is curriculum Colin Marsh and George Willis?

Marsh and George Willis Colin J. Marsh and George Willis define curriculum as the “experiences in the classroom which are planned and enacted by the teacher, and also learned by the students”. In this definition, the experiences are done in the classrooms.

What is curriculum according to Hilda Taba?

According to Hilda Taba, "a curriculum is a plan for learning, therefore what is known about the learning process and the development of individual has bearing on the shaping of the curriculum" [3].

What is curriculum according to Tanner and Tanner?

In this wise, Tanner and Tanner (1975) has an accommodating definition of curriculum, thus: Curriculum is the planned and guided learning experiences and intended learning outcomes, formulated through the systematic reconstruction of knowledge and experience, under the auspices of the school, for the learner's ...

What are the 4 elements of curriculum?

From a UDL perspective, we think of four components to a curriculum: the goals, the methods, the materials, and the assessment.