What is curriculum according to philosophers?

Curriculum, according to its Latin origins, literally means to run a course (Glatthorn et al., 2009). A curriculum philosophy is a set of values or criteria that guides all decision-making when developing a curriculum (Wiles, 2005). Educators utilize philosophy to create curriculums by setting priorities.

What is the curriculum of John Dewey philosophy?

Dewey's conception of curriculum in The Child and the Curriculum can be stated in a set of related propositions about the existing knowledge of a student, the mature knowledge of an educated adult, and the transition from one to the other.

What is curriculum according to Albert Oliver?

Albert Oliver (1977): curriculum is “the educational program of the school” and divided into four basic elements: 1) program of studies, 2) program of experiences, 3) program of service, 4) hidden curriculum.

What are the philosophical perspectives of curriculum?

They are Perennialism, Essentialism, Progressivism, and Reconstructionism. These educational philosophies focus heavily on WHAT we should teach, the curriculum aspect. For Perennialists, the aim of education is to ensure that students acquire understandings about the great ideas of Western civilization.

What is curriculum according to Caswell and Campbell?

Caswell and Campbell viewed curricula as "all experiences children have under the guidance of teachers." This definition is shared by Smith, Stanley, and Shores when they defined curriculum as "a sequence of potential experiences set up in schools for the purpose of disciplining children and youth in group ways of ...

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What is curriculum according to Rousseau?

Rousseau however, said that books do not give knowledge; they only train one to talk. So he emphasized that curriculum for adolescence should be based on active work than on books. The youth should, however, be taught history mythological stories, religious stories with stress on moral and religious education.

What is curriculum according to Hollis Caswell?

Hollis Caswell(1901-1989) Sees curriculum as organized around social functions of themes, organized knowledge and learner's interest. Caswell believes that curriculum, instruction and learning are interrelated. Curriculum is a set of experiences.

What is curriculum according to empiricist perspective?

The framework of empiricism ensures that curriculum scholars attend simultaneously to learned habits and methods of knowing and relating to the world. These habits and methods, in turn, have particular ethical, epistemic, and ontological commitments.

What are the 5 perspectives of curriculum?

The idea is to arrive at a general understanding and a common definition of the word curriculum, knowing that this definition is a starting point not the final answer. Students read about the five perspectives: traditional, experiential, structure of the disciplines, behavioral, and constructivist.

Which philosophy curriculum should be teacher Centred?

Teachers are in control and they plan out activities and learning strategies according to specific times during the lesson (Teacher Vision). Teacher-centered philosophies that are mostly used in teaching include essentialism and perennialism.

What does Vygotsky say about curriculum?

He said we learn best when new material is in the Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) - not too easy, and just challenging enough that, with a little help from a more learned individual, we can master the material and shift our Zone upward.

What is curriculum according to Froebel?

Froebel – “Curriculum should be conceived as an epitome of the rounded whole of the knowledge and experience of the human race.”

What is curriculum according to Bilbao?

According to Bilbao et al. (2008) curriculum development is defined as planned, purposeful, progressive, and systematic process in order to create positive improvements in the educational system. Every time there are changes or developments happening around the world, the school curricula are affected.

What is curriculum according to Hilda Taba?

According to Hilda Taba, "a curriculum is a plan for learning, therefore what is known about the learning process and the development of individual has bearing on the shaping of the curriculum" [3].

What Plato says about education?

Plato regards education as a means to achieve justice, both individual justice and social justice. According to Plato, individual justice can be obtained when each individual develops his or her ability to the fullest. In this sense, justice means excellence. For the Greeks and Plato, excellence is virtue.

What is curriculum according to different scholars?

Krug (1957): Curriculum consists of all the means of instruction used by the school to provide opportunities for student learning experiences leading to desired learning outcomes. Musgrave (1968): the contrived activity and experience- organized, focused, systematic- that life, unaided, would not provide.

What are the 4 curriculum ideologies?

These curriculum ideologies can be divided into four types: Scholar Academic Ideology, Social Efficiency Ideology, Social Reconstruction Ideology and Learner Centered Ideology.

What are the four basic theories of curriculum?

Tyler's four main curriculum components (objectives, learning experiences, organization of methods, and evaluation) were influenced by the ideas of Bobbitt and especially Charters (Bellack, 1969; Ornstein & Hunkins, 2016).

What are the 4 curriculum models?

Curriculum Development Models Model of curriculum development is the process to make decisions and to revise the program curriculum. There are at least 4 curriculum development models that have been recognized and often used; the Tyler model, Taba model, Oliva model, and Beaucham model.

What is John Locke's empiricist education?

Locke's approach to empiricism involves the claim that all knowledge comes from experience and that there are no innate ideas that are with us when we are born. At birth we are a blank slate, or tabula rasa in Latin. Experience includes both sensation and reflection.

What is the best definition of curriculum?

Curriculum is the expectations for what will be taught and what students will do in a program of study. It includes teacher-made materials, textbooks, and national and state standards. Curriculum is the gathered information that has been considered relevant to a specific topic.

What is a progressive point of view of curriculum John Dewey?

“Progressivism” became synonymous with a child-centric education. What Dewey meant by this was that children are naturally curious and therefore schools should give students opportunities in their curriculum for critical inquiry, problem solving and build a worldview based on the scientific method.

What is curriculum according to Smith Stanley and Shores?

- Smith, Stanley and Shores defined curriculum as a “ sequence. of potential experiences set up in schools for the purpose of. disciplining children and youth in group ways of thinking and. acting.”

What is Socrates philosophy of education?

Socrates' philosophy of education entails that all the ethical and moral norms and values are inside one's mind at the time of birth and as a person grows older, through reasoning and learning one come to understand them.

What is Mortimer Adler philosophy of education?

Adler's basic insight is this: What we teach will dictate how we teach. This is as relevant to a homeschool mother as to a classroom teacher, although the way it is done will obviously vary. Education involves three emphases: knowing what, knowing how, and knowing why.