What is the earliest academic paper?

The first academic journal was Journal des sçavans (January 1665), followed soon after by Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society (March 1665), and Mémoires de l'Académie des Sciences (1666). The first fully peer-reviewed journal was Medical Essays and Observations (1733).

What is the first academic paper?

It is not contested that Journal des sçavans was the first of these to be published. The first issue was published on January 5th 1665 whereas the first issue of Philosophical Transactions was published 60 day later.

When did academic publishing start?

The publishing of scholarly journals, begun in the 17th century, expanded greatly in the 19th as fresh fields of inquiry opened up or old ones were further divided into specialties.

What is the oldest journal in the world?

Philosophical Transactions is the world's first and longest-running scientific journal. It was launched in March 1665 by Henry Oldenburg (c. 1619-1677), the Society's first Secretary, who acted as publisher and editor.

What is the oldest citation?

A form of citation index is first found in 12th-century Hebrew religious literature. Legal citation indexes are found in the 18th century and were made popular by citators such as Shepard's Citations (1873).

The Incredible Anticlimax of Publishing My First Paper

Is it OK to cite old papers?

If past papers are relevant to to the present paper, there is no problem to cite them.

Can I cite old papers?

When in doubt, you can cite one old and one new paper. However, your work must be in the context of contemporary scientific literature. If you cite a 50 year old paper for a theory, you better make sure the theory has not been disproven in another paper published 30 years after.

What was the first research journal?

The first academic journal was Journal des sçavans (January 1665), followed soon after by Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society (March 1665), and Mémoires de l'Académie des Sciences (1666). The first fully peer-reviewed journal was Medical Essays and Observations (1733).

When was the first journal written?

Journaling is not a modern phenomenon; there are recordings traced back to 55AD China. During the Renaissance period, the Western world began journaling regularly and the diary, began to have some literary value as the importance of the individual began to come to the fore.

Who started journaling first?

The first diaries of a consistently introspective nature were written by ladies of the royal Japanese court in the 10th century. These records took the form of pillow books, so called because they were tucked in or under the pillow.

What is the oldest academic publisher?

Cambridge University Press is the oldest university press in the world. It originated from letters patent granted to the University of Cambridge by Henry VIII in 1534. Cambridge is one of the two privileged presses (the other being Oxford University Press).

Why are academic articles so expensive?

While academics do peer review voluntarily, journal publishing requires extensive resources. Publishers must coordinate the publication process, from managing submissions to typesetting, printing, and distribution. These activities don't come cheap.

When was the golden age of publishing?

Now Al Silverman has come along with an amiable and doggedly researched history, “The Time of Their Lives,” in which he makes a strong case for a Golden Age of Publishers and Editors (with writers trailing along behind them), stretching from 1946 into the early 1980s.

What are the 4 types of academic paper?

The four main types of academic writing are descriptive, analytical, persuasive and critical. Each of these types of writing has specific language features and purposes.

Who wrote the first scientific journal?

Early in 1665 Denis de Sallo started (he was called the 'premier instituteur' in the first volume) the Journal des Sçavans. (The singular form, sçavant, is Middle French for, unsurprisingly, a wise person).

What is original paper?

"Original Paper" - This is a generic term for a full-length, original research finding paper that doesn't fall into another specialized category. "Review Paper" - This is a paper summarizing the state of research on a topic.

What was the first publication in a journal?

It may sound obvious, but make sure your paper is within the scope that the journal covers. Once you have decided which journal to send your paper to, make sure you have followed all of the submission criteria. Don't give them anything to complain about and your paper is more likely to get passed by the editors.

What is the origin of journal?

A journal is also a periodical, such as a scientific journal or a scholarly journal. Journal comes from an Old French word which meant daily (jour being the French word for day, as in soup du jour, or “soup of the day”).

What is the first entry of journal writing?

When was the first research paper?

The origins and development of the scientific and technical press can be traced back to 1665 when the first “modern” scientific papers appeared and were characterized by non standardised form and style¹.

When was the first peer-reviewed journal?

The first peer-reviewed publication might have been the Medical Essays and Observations published by the Royal Society of Edinburgh in 1731.

What scientific journal was founded 1869?

The first issue of Nature was published on 4 November 1869.

What is the 10 year rule for research?

A good rule of thumb is to use sources published in the past 10 years for research in the arts, humanities, literature, history, etc.

How long until an article is outdated?

For example, important articles in literature, art, and music often tend to be considered current for years, or even decades, after publication. Articles in the physical sciences, however, are usually considered outdated within a year or two (or even sooner) after publication.

How old can APA references be?

And there are no limits on the age of sources. But just because you can cite anything as a source doesn't mean you should. Rather, APA recommends that sources be reliable, primary accounts that represent the most up-to-date information wherever possible.