What is the rationale for replacing the discrepancy model with RTI?

RTI or 'Response To Intervention' is a new approach to the identification of a learning disability which is intended to alleviate the problems associated with the discrepancy model. With RTI, there is no need to formally evaluate cognitive abilities or academic achievement.

Why is the severe discrepancy model no longer used?

When IDEA was reissued in 2004, it didn't require schools to use the discrepancy model any longer. The discrepancy model doesn't take into account all the factors that may affect a child's academic achievement. Response to intervention and the processing deficit approach are two alternatives to the discrepancy model.

What is the main difference between the RTI model and the discrepancy model?

The Discrepancy Model does not allow for effectiveness regarding early intervention while Page 3 RTI vs. Discrepancy Model 3 RTI can be applied to students of all ages, The Discrepancy Model does not take into account for standard error of measurement (SEM). RTI requires school staff to be proactive.

Why do many educators want to move away from the discrepancy model for the determination of a specific learning disability?

Another limitation of the IQ-achievement discrepancy model is that it does not assess or inform the quality of instruction received by students. Some students may be identified as having learning disabilities when, in reality, they simply have not experienced classroom instruction that meets their learning needs.

What are some issues with the discrepancy model and wait to fail methods?

The major concerns of this group are that IQ tests are a poor index of intelligence, that the IQ–discrepancy approach is a “wait-to-fail” model since students must perform poorly for years before achievement scores are sufficiently below their IQ scores, and that low achievement for many students is actually caused by ...

Jim Crawford: Comparison of the RTI and Discrepancy Model Approaches

What is a drawback to using a discrepancy approach?

A drawback to using a discrepancy approach to identify children with learning disabilities is: test scores may not represent actual ability. A major reason why students with learning disabilities do poorly on memory tasks is: strategy use deficits.

What are the advantages of the discrepancy model?

Objective and Easy to Understand. The discrepancy model may have limitations, however, it has an advantage over alternative methods in that it is relatively simple. Also, it is an objective measurement and therefore can be applied evenly by many educators across even more students.

Which states do not use the discrepancy model?

The federal regulation requiring a severe discrepancy between intellectual ability and achievement appears in the SLD classifica- tion criteria for 48 of the 50 states. Only two states do not have the discrepancy requirement in their state rules (IA and LA).

Why is the discrepancy formula no longer used to determine if someone has learning disability?

Discrepancy formulas fail to identify children with learning disabilities who show no discrepancy between achievement and intelligence test scores. Discrepancy formulas have never been empirically validated.

What is the discrepancy model and how does it apply to the normal distribution?

The area of the discrepancy indicates the area of the learning disability. For example, if a student's IQ is 90, and his/her Reading achievement tests' standardized scores fell at 75 or under, it can be concluded that a disability in reading is present.

What are the challenges of using an RTI model?

Intervention. Fidelity and Other Instructional Issues. Major challenges to implementation of an RTI model are decisions about selecting and monitoring research-based interventions that are matched to students and implemented with fidelity and appropriate intensity, frequency, and duration.

What are the two models of RTI?

The two most commonly used RTI approaches are problem solving and standard protocol. Although these two approaches are sometimes described as being very different from one another, they actually have several elements in common.

What is a discrepancy model may be used to quizlet?

The discrepancy model utilizes a difference between a student's intellectual ability and his or her achievement with which to identify learning disabilities.

What is the discrepancy consistency model?

downloaded from www.jacknaglieri.com Page 23 Discrepancy / Consistency Model The Discrepancy / Consistency Model is a method used to ensure that there is evidence of “a disorder in 1 or more of the basic psychological processes … which manifests itself in the imperfect ability to listen, think, speak, read, write, ...

What is the most common way to identify a severe discrepancy between expected and actual achievement?

Currently, the process of establishing a severe discrepancy typically involves the administration of individualized ability (IQ) and academic (achievement) tests and a direct comparison of obtained standard scores (generally based upon a student's age rather than grade placement).

How is the RTI model different from the severe discrepancy model for specific learning disabilities?

RTI or 'Response To Intervention' is a new approach to the identification of a learning disability which is intended to alleviate the problems associated with the discrepancy model. With RTI, there is no need to formally evaluate cognitive abilities or academic achievement.

What does the discrepancy model focus on the difference between?

The second method, the Discrepancy model, uses tests to determine if a significant discrepancy or difference exists between an intelligence (IQ) test and academic tests and performance (Marchant, n.d.).

What is considered a severe discrepancy SLD?

(a) A severe discrepancy is defined as a 50 percent or higher probability of a two standard deviation discrepancy between general cognitive ability and achievement in one or more of the areas identified in ARM 10.16.

Does Texas use the discrepancy model?

Texas Guidelines for SLD

Consistent with the federal guidelines, the Texas guidelines require formal documentation of the provision of adequate general education instruction. The Texas guidelines are also flexible, permitting either a process based on RTI or one based on a discrepancy model.

Which states require RTI?

Are states free to prohibit discrepancy models from being used at all?

States are free to prohibit discrepancy models from being used at all. Statewide achievement tests could be considered to be examples of sweep screenings to assess academic performance levels. The 2006 federal regulation clarifies that child find and referral obligations do not include students with passing grades.

What is the wait to fail model of RTI?

In this “wait-to-fail” model, struggling learners do not receive needed services as soon as their difficulties are evidenced, and instead they are set up to fail for several years until their achievement gap is wide enough for them to qualify for special education services.

What is a drawback to using a discrepancy approach to identifying children with learning disabilities?

What is a drawback to using a discrepancy approach to identifying children with learning disabilities? Test scores don't represent actual performance.

What is a drawback to using a discrepancy approach to identifying children with learning disabilities group of answer choices?

As a result, too few students are being identified as having learning disabilities. In summary, the discrepancy approach to identifying learning disabilities is limited by its wait-and-fail approach, lack of accuracy in test scores, and objectivity, leading to too few students being identified as learning disabled.