What is the term runoff from a catchment area?

Catchment runoff and infiltration is water from precipitation, snow and ice melt, irrigation and soil moisture storage that is not consumed by evapotranspiration or losses to increased soil moisture. Catchment Runoff can also be designated as the headflow to a river.

What is meant by the term runoff from a catchment area?

'Runoff' is that part of precipitation that appears in a drainage channel as surface flow in a perennial or an intermittent form. It is that part of water, which can be used for engineering purposes and hence is also known as yield of catchment.

What is the definition of runoff in water?

Article Vocabulary. Runoff occurs when there is more water than land can absorb. The excess liquid flows across the surface of the land and into nearby creeks, streams, or ponds. Runoff can come from both natural processes and human activity.

What are the 3 types of runoff?

What is the surface runoff catchment area?

Catchments are areas of land where runoff collects to a specific zone. This movement is caused by water moving from areas of high energy to low energy due to the influence of gravity. Catchments often do not last for long periods of time as the water evaporates, drains into the soil, or is consumed by animals.

What is a Catchment Area and how does it work?

What is the difference between runoff and surface runoff?

Runoff is a combination of surface runoff, interflow and baseflow: Surface Runoff: Surface runoff comes from overland flow and saturation excess overland flow.

How does the catchment area affect the runoff?

The results of analyzing the influence of catchment characteristics suggest that only under HR regime conditions do the catchment characteristics have an impact on runoff generation and behave as smaller catchment areas, and higher proportions of green landscapes always lead lower peak flow rates, lower total inflows ...

What is runoff also called?

Runoff that flows over land before reaching a watercourse is referred to as surface runoff or overland flow. Once in a watercourse, runoff is referred to as streamflow, channel runoff, or river runoff.

What is the difference between runoff and drainage?

The land area producing runoff that drains to a common point is called a drainage basin. Runoff that occurs on the ground surface before reaching a channel can be a nonpoint source of pollution, as it can carry human-made contaminants or natural forms of pollution (such as rotting leaves).

How do you identify runoff?

You can get a ballpark estimate of runoff volume from any sloped surface by multiplying the volume of rain that falls on that surface by its “runoff coefficient”—the average percentage of rainwater that runs off that type of surface.

What is a synonym for runoff water?

the occurrence of surplus liquid (as water) exceeding the limit or capacity. synonyms: overflow, overspill. type of: flow, flowing.

Is runoff the same as flooding?

Rainfall Runoff occurs from a precipitation event, and a heavy event (defined by high rainfall rates) can overwhelm a stormwater management system, causing water to inundate roads and property. River flooding primarily results from an extended precipitation event that occurs at, or upstream from, the affected area.

What best describes runoff?

Expert-Verified Answer. The phrase that best describes runoff is water from rain and snow that travels to streams.

What is a drainage catchment?

A catchment, or drainage basin, is defined as an area that collects precipitation and drains it into a network of water channels. This network often drains into a larger outlet, such as a river, reservoir, or body of water.

What is catchment area of water?

A catchment is an area of land where water collects when it rains, often bounded by hills. As the water flows over the landscape it finds its way into streams and down into the soil, eventually feeding the river. Some of this water stays underground and continues to slowly feed the river in times of low rainfall.

How do you calculate runoff catchment?

The Rational method predicts the peak runoff according to the formula: Q= CiA, where C is a runoff coefficient, i is the rainfall intensity, and A is the subcatchment area. This formula is applicable to US or metric evaluation, as long as consistent units are employed.

Is watershed the same as runoff?

A watershed is an area of land where stormwater runoff will ultimately drain to a particular stream, river, wetland or other body of water. As individuals, our actions have a direct impact on the quality of our water resources.

What is the problem with runoff?

Runoff picks up fertilizer, oil, pesticides, dirt, bacteria and other pollutants as it makes its way through storm drains and ditches - untreated - to our streams, rivers, lakes and the ocean.

Is stormwater the same as runoff?

During rain events, impervious surfaces such as rooftops, driveways, parking lots, and roads, prevent water from being absorbed into the ground. When a rainfall event occurs, the portion of water that is not absorbed into the ground becomes what is known as “stormwater runoff”.

What are the four types of runoff?

Runoff may be classified according to speed of appearance after rainfall or melting snow as direct runoff or base runoff, and according to source as surface runoff, storm interflow, or groundwater runoff.

Is runoff the same as erosion?

Runoff, erosion, and sedimentation are separate, but inter-related processes. Each, if uncontrolled, cause different types of environmental or structural damage and each requires different control measures to minimize their impacts.

What is the relationship between rainfall and runoff?

the rainfall-runoff relationship for any rainstorm depends on the dynamic interaction between rain intensity, soil infiltration and surface storage. Runoff occurs whenever rain intensity exceeds the infiltration capacity of the soil, providing there are no physical obstructions to surface flow.

How does water flow in a catchment?

Within a catchment, water runs by gravity to the lowest point. The water is called surface runoff if it stays on the top of the land or groundwater flow if it soaks into the ground. When water reaches the lowest point in a catchment, it eventually flows into a creek, river, lake, lagoon, wetland or the ocean.

What is it called when water soaks into the ground through the soil?

Infiltration is precipitation that soaks into the soil. Runoff is precipitation that does not soak into the soil but instead moves on the Earth's surface toward streams.

How does water from local catchment work?

1. Rainwater is collected through a comprehensive network of drains, canals and rivers and channelled to the reservoirs before it is treated for drinking water. 2. Used water is collected in a network of underground sewers that lead to a water reclamation plant.