Which states do not use the discrepancy model?

Discrepancy requirement. The federal regulation requiring a severe discrepancy between intellectual ability and achievement appears in the SLD classifica- tion criteria for 48 of the 50 states. Only two states do not have the discrepancy requirement in their state rules (IA and LA).

Does Texas use the discrepancy model?

Texas Guidelines for SLD

Consistent with the federal guidelines, the Texas guidelines require formal documentation of the provision of adequate general education instruction. The Texas guidelines are also flexible, permitting either a process based on RTI or one based on a discrepancy model.

Is the discrepancy model still used?

Historically, schools used this model to determine if a child had a learning difference that qualified them for special education services. But there are differences of opinion among professionals about the benefits and drawbacks of this approach. Many schools still use the discrepancy model.

What is the problem with the discrepancy model?

To summarize, here are some concerns about the IQ-achievement discrepancy model: Assessments do not always discriminate between disabilities and the results of inadequate teaching. Students can be misidentified due to teacher or testing bias.

What is the discrepancy model in Washington state?

Currently, Washington State (and most, but not all states) uses a 'Test Score Discrepancy Model' to identify students with Specific Learning Disabilities. A student with a suspected academic delay would be administered a battery of tests, including an intelligence test and one or more academic achievement tests.

IQ/Achievement test and the discrepancy model and explaining the Independent Evaluation process

What is the difference between PSW and discrepancy model?

A pattern of strengths and weaknesses (PSW) is one approach for determining specific learning disabilities (SLD). As opposed to the old-school discrepancy model, which tells clinicians if a student is performing more poorly than expected, PSW seeks to determine why a student is performing more poorly.

What is the discrepancy model for identifying dyslexia?

The revised discrepancy method described in this study can be used by researchers to identify students in their studies who have dyslexia and that most researchers might agree are prototypical examples of dyslexia (i.e., low reading ability, higher cognitive ability, and a difference of more than 1.0 standard deviation ...

What are the disadvantages of the discrepancy model?

Cons: The discrepancy model can be rigid and inflexible, and may not accurately identify students who have learning difficulties that do not fit neatly into the model's criteria. The model relies heavily on standardized testing, which may not accurately capture a student's abilities or needs.

What are some issues with the discrepancy model and wait to fail methods?

The major concerns of this group are that IQ tests are a poor index of intelligence, that the IQ–discrepancy approach is a “wait-to-fail” model since students must perform poorly for years before achievement scores are sufficiently below their IQ scores, and that low achievement for many students is actually caused by ...

What are the advantages of the discrepancy model?

Objective and Easy to Understand. The discrepancy model may have limitations, however, it has an advantage over alternative methods in that it is relatively simple. Also, it is an objective measurement and therefore can be applied evenly by many educators across even more students.

What is the rationale for replacing the discrepancy model with RTI?

RTI or 'Response To Intervention' is a new approach to the identification of a learning disability which is intended to alleviate the problems associated with the discrepancy model. With RTI, there is no need to formally evaluate cognitive abilities or academic achievement.

What is the IQ range for SLD?

A Specific Learning Disorder will refer to all those whose difficulties satisfy the DSM - 5, and ICD-10 criteria - of significant and persistent academic underachievement that begin during school, including that of having a measured IQ of 70 and above.

What IQ is considered a learning disability?

a) Learning disabilities are heterogeneous conditions, but are defined by 3 core criteria: lower intellectual ability (usually defined as an IQ of less than 70), significant impairment of social or adaptive functioning and onset in childhood. the DSM-IV term 'mental retardation' with 'intellectual disability'.

What is a discrepancy model may be used to quizlet?

The discrepancy model utilizes a difference between a student's intellectual ability and his or her achievement with which to identify learning disabilities.

Is dyslexia SLD in Texas?

In Texas, children with dyslexia have historically been served outside of Special Education Programs in public schools under the category of 504. Dyslexia is a specific learning disability according to the IDEA—this is not new–the word “dyslexia” appears in the IDEA.

What are the 8 specific learning disabilities?

Specific learning disability categories include dyslexia, executive function disorder, perceptual disabilities, brain injury, minimal brain dysfunction, and developmental aphasia.

Why is RTI bad?

Chief among those concerns is that RTI models as originally conceived are not working to the advantage of students with dyslexia and other learning disabilities. They characterize RTI as a "fad” that lacks sufficient research support or implementation guidance from federal, state, or local agencies.

Why was the discrepancy model is sometimes referred to as the wait to fail model?

In this “wait-to-fail” model, struggling learners do not receive needed services as soon as their difficulties are evidenced, and instead they are set up to fail for several years until their achievement gap is wide enough for them to qualify for special education services.

What is the severe discrepancy method?

The Severe Discrepancy model allows educators to determine if a student's inadequate progress is commensurate with his or her cognition and whether the student is working to his or her potential.

Why is the discrepancy formula no longer used to determine if someone has learning disability?

Discrepancy formulas fail to identify children with learning disabilities who show no discrepancy between achievement and intelligence test scores. Discrepancy formulas have never been empirically validated.

What is the dual discrepancy model?

The Dual Discrepancy/Consistency (DD/C) pattern of strengths and weaknesses (PSW) method is the most prominent "other alternative research-based procedure" used to identify a specific learning disability (SLD).

What is the discrepancy model of a needs assessment?

Three models of needs assessment are described along with examples of each. The discrepancy model evaluates gaps between expectations of experts and the outcomes of the target population. The marketing model evaluates the fit between the consumer's desires and the ability of agencies to deliver services.

What is a drawback to using a discrepancy approach to identifying children with learning disabilities?

What is a drawback to using a discrepancy approach to identifying children with learning disabilities? Test scores don't represent actual performance.

What are the three models of dyslexia?

What are the 4 theories of dyslexia?

Four major theories of developmental dyslexia are discussed: the phonological deficit theory, the double-deficit theory, the magnocellular theory, and the cerebellar theory.